SEMANTICS

understanding Semantics 
Semantics is the branch of linguistics that examines the meaning or significance. Semantics as a branch of the science of language have equal status with the other branches of linguistics. The semantics are equal to the phonology, morphology, and syntax. Here, the difference is the language of the branches of science is divided into two major parts of morphology and syntax, including at the level of grammar, whereas phonology and semantics, including at the level beyond grammar.Since Chomsky stated the importance of semantics in linguistic studies, the study of semantics as part of linguistic studies are becoming increasingly aware of. Semantics is no longer a peripheral object, but became the object of study comparable to areas other linguistic studies, both phonology, morphology, and syntax. Various theories about the meaning began to emerge, Ferdinand de Saussure, with his theory that the linguistic sign (signe linguistique) consists of its significant components and signifie. Furthermore, Hockett (1954) in Chaer (1994), stating that the language is a complex system of habits. Language system is composed of five subsystems, namely subsystem grammatical, phonological subsystem, subsystem Morphophonemic, subsystems semantic and phonetic subsystem. Chomsky himself, in his first book did not mention the problem of meaning, only the second book, (1965), states that semantics is one component of grammar, in addition to two other components is syntax and phonology, as well as the meaning of a sentence is determined by semantic component.The views were an assortment of experts mejadikan experts have differences in interpreting the semantics. Understanding the different semantics is actually expected to linguistic disciplines to develop an extremely wide-ranging.1. Charles MorristSuggests that semantic examine "relations with the signs of objects which is a container application of these signs."2. J.W.M Verhaar; 1981: 9Suggests that the semantics (English: semantics) means a theory of meaning or significance theory, namely branch investigating systematic language meaning or significance.3. Lehrer; 1974: 1Semantics is the study of meaning. For Lehrer, semantics is a very broad field of study, because it helped offensive aspects of the structure and function of the language so that it can be connected with psychology, philosophy and anthropology.4. Kambartel (in Bauerk, 1979: 195)Semantics assumes that the language consists of a structure that reveals the meaning when linked to the objects in the world of human experience.5. Britanika Encyclopedia (Encyclopedia Britannica, vol.20, 1996: 313)Semantics is the study of the relationship between a linguistic distinction with the relationship of mental or symbols in speech activity.6. Dr. Mansoer PatedaSemantics is subdisiplin discuss linguistic meaning.7. Abdul ChaerSemantics is the study of meaning or the meaning. That is one of 3 (three) level of analysis of language (phonology, grammatical and semantic).Semantics implies the study of meaning to the notion that the meaning becomes part of the language, the semantic part of linguistics.Semantic actually a science of meaning, in English called meaning. Semantic word itself comes from the Greek. That sema (noun) meaning "mark" or "emblem". The verb is semaino which means "mark" or "represents". Then semantic agreed as that term is used in the field of linguistics to study the relationship between linguistic signs with something that is being marked.

Type - Type Meaning

1. Lexical meaning: lexical meaning is the real meaning, in accordance with the observation of our senses, the meaning of what it is, meaning in the dictionary. 
2.  Grammatical meaning: grammatical meaning when there is a process of affixation, reduplication, composition and kalimatisasi. 
3. Contextual meaning: the meaning of a word that is in a context. 
4. Referansial meaning is meaning in direct contact with reality or referent (reference), referential meaning is also called cognitive significance, as it has reference. 
5. Cognitive meaning is also called denotative meaning is the meaning that suggest a link between the concept to the world of reality. Not only possessed the cognitive meaning of words that designate real objects, but refers also to the forms of cognitive meaning, among other things, it's, there, over here.

 MORPHOLOGY

Understanding Morphology According to ExpertsMany experts have given the sense morphology. Mulyana (2007: 5), states that the term morphology "is derived from the English language morphology, meaning that the branch of linguistics that studies on the structure or parts of words grammatically. In the past, science is better known as morphemics, namely the study of morpheme. However, along with the development and dynamics of language, the term is more popular then morphology.

1.     Understanding morphology according to Verhaar (1996: 97), states that the morphology is the branch of linguistics that identifies the basic units of language as grammatical units.
2. Understanding morphology according Samsuri (1988: 15), defining morphology as a branch of linguistics that studies the structure and forms of words.
3. Definition of morphology according to Ramlan (1978: 2) Morphology is part of the science of language to talk about or to learn the ins and outs of the structure of words as well as the effect of changes in the structure of the class of words and meaning of the word.
4. Definition of morphology by Nida (1974: 1) states that the morphology is a study of morphemes and morpheme preparation for the creation of the word.
5. Morphological definition according to Crystal (1980: 232-233) morphology is the branch of grammar that examines the structure or form of words, mainly through the use of morfem.Definisi Morphological according to Bauer (1983: 33) discusses the internal structure morphology form of the word.
6. Morphological definition according Rusmaji (1993: 2) morphology include words, parts and processes.
7. Morphological definition according to O'Grady and Dobrovolsky (1989: 89-90) morphology is a component of transformational-generative word (TGT) which talks about the internal structure of words, especially the word complex.  

This is the understanding of morphology according to experts. general morphology is the study of the structure and form of words in language or a language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds. At the basic level, words are made of "morphemes." These are the smallest units of meaning: roots and affixes (prefixes and suffixes). Native speakers recognize the morphemes as grammatically significant or meaningful. For example, "schoolyard" is made of "school" + "yard", "makes" is made of "make" + a grammatical suffix "-s", and "unhappiness" is made of "happy" with a prefix "un-" and a suffix "-ness".
Inflection occurs when a word has different forms but essentially the same meaning, and there is only a grammatical difference between them: for example, "make" and "makes". The "-s" is an inflectional morpheme.
In contrast, derivation makes a word with a clearly different meaning: such as "unhappy" or "happiness", both from "happy". The "un-" and "-ness" are derivational morphemes. Normally a dictionary would list derived words, but there is no need to list "makes" in a dictionary as well as "make."

• Morphemes and allomorphy
• Roots and affixes
• Example Greek and Latin Roots

 Morphemes and allomorphy
Morphemes are form/meaning pairings (where "form" = distinctive string of sounds). Morphemes can be roots or affixes, depending on whether they are the main part or dependent part of a word (cf. Roots vs. Affixes).

Roots and Affixes

Morphemes (minimal units of meaning) are of two basic kinds: roots and affixes . While there is not an absolutely sharp dividing line between them, due to the natural, gradual historical progression from root to affix, there are various properties that typically cluster together, thus allowing us to distinguish the two types. For most morphemes, it is clear which class they belong in.
Properties of roots:

• main part of word
• must be at least one in a word
• in English, limited to two in a word (simple words have one, compound words have two); where roots are bound, as in Latin or Greek, more can occur in a word, but the number of roots in a particular word is generally small;
• can occur independently (free roots)--although bound roots , particularly classical, occur
• tend to have richer, more specific semantic content
• position is relatively free with respect to other roots (cf. photograph vs. telephoto)

SYNTAX

Syntax is the study of the principles and processes by the which sentences are constructed in particular languages. Syntactic investigation of a given language has as its goal the construction of a grammar that can be Viewed as a device of some sort for producing the sentences of the language under analysis. "(Noam Chomsky, 2002: 11)Chomsky said that the syntax is the lesson / lecture on the principles and processes in which the sentences are arranged in a specific language. Research on the specific language syntax has a purpose of its own in which the arrangement of grammar can be seen as a tool to generate a sentence in a language. Another expert who explains the syntax definition is Matthew, quoted by Van Vallin and LaPolla (1997: 1), he said:'The term' syntax 'is from the Ancient Greek syntaxis, a verbal noun the which literally means "arrangement" or "setting out together". Traditionally, it Refers to the branch of grammar dealing with the ways in the which words, with or without Appropriate inflections, are arranged to show connections of meaning within the sentence. 'Matthew explained that the term verbal noun syntax is taken from the ancient Greek language which literlek means "arrangement". Generally, syntax refers to the grammar field that explains about the ways words, with or without inflection, arranged to show the relationship of meaning in a sentence. In line with the explanation of Matthew, Van Valin (2001: 1) expresses the essence of the syntax itself as follows:'First and foremost, syntax offer section with how sentences are constructed, and users of human language employ a striking variety of possible arrangements of the elements in sentences.'According to Van Vallin first and foremost thing is that the syntax that discusses how kalilmat was compiled and syntax also discuss how humans as beings who speak using a variety of arrangements of the element in the sentence.

Correct and Incorrect Syntax 

• Incorrect - While watching a movie, people who text on their phone are very annoying.
• Correct - People who text on their phone while watching a movie are very annoying.

The phrase "while watching a movie" modifies the noun phrase "People who text on their phone" by explaining when they text. The modifier should follow the noun phrase of the sentence.

• Incorrect - Happy about her upcoming promotion, the trip home was full of singing.
• Correct - Happy about her upcoming promotion, Sammie sang all the way home.

The phrase "Sammie sang all the way home" is more descriptive than "the trip home was full of singing.

• Incorrect - Come for a visit I have plenty of food.
• Correct - Come for a visit! I have plenty of food.

Breaking the words into two sentences allows for an exclamation mark which increases the impact of "Come for a visit!"

• Incorrect - Before we go to the movies.
• Correct - I need to rest before we go to the movies.

"Before we go to the movies" is a sentence fragment. Adding "I need to rest" makes the words a complete sentence.

• Incorrect - I gave him money I stole from the store.
• Correct - I gave him the money I stole from the store.

Adding the word "the" further explains which money was given.

• Incorrect - To the movies we are going.
• Correct - We are going to the movies.

Assalamualaikum wr.wb.

Nama lengkap saya Sri Rahayu biasanya yang lain memanggil saya Ayu. saya anak ketiga dari empat bersaudara. saya lulusan SMAN 5 Pekanbaru dan sekarang sedang melanjutkan perguruan tinggi di UNILAK dengan jurusan FKIP B. Inggris

Saya tinggal di jalan Dakota Gg. Sari No. 02 Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai. sudah lama saya di Pekanbaru sejak saya kecil sudah di kota yang sangat saya cintai

Sekarang saya bekerja di PT. INDOMARCO atau kantor pusat Indomaret. baru sebulan kurang saya bekerja disana, sebelumnya saya bekerja di Bimbel Padjadjaran.
mungkin itu saya yang dapat saya ceritakan tentang diri saya, tidak ada yang begitu istimewa. yang istimewa adalah bagaimana kita menjalani hidup ini dengan sebaik-baiknya dan saling berbagi
 trims~

Wassalamualaikum .wr.wb.

<marquee> powerbank </marquee>


Saat ini, komunikasi dengan teknologi yang canggih bukan lagi menjadi kebutuhan tersier (kebutuhan mewah). Tidak lagi sebatas mempunyai handphone, namun juga harus didukung dengan perangkat yang mumpuni untuk kelengkapannya. Contoh simpelnya saja dalam hal pengisian daya. Rasanya, saat ini bukan lagi era yang membuat kita harus kebingungan me-recharge daya (baterai) saat kapasitas daya baterai ponsel mulai melemah atau bahkan habis. Sudah bukan jamannya juga untuk me-recharge daya dengan terpancang pada stop kontak dan kabel charger sehingga tidak bisa mobile. Adalah power bank, sebuah teknologi untuk pengisian daya pada gadget yang memungkinkan kita menambah daya dimana saja (on the go), selama daya yang ada di dalamnya masih cukup untuk ditransfer. Sebenarnya, power bank mucul karena akhir – akhir ini banyaknya baterai gadget yang ‘bocor’ dan tidak tersedianya waktu untuk re-charge handphone sebelum bepergian. Kini jasa power bank juga sudah umum digunakan dimana – mana. Para produsen pun berlomba – lomba memproduksi power bank versi mereka dengan bentuk, warna dan kapasitas yang berbeda – beda tentunya menjadi daya tarik tersendiri untuk konsumen. Dengan berbagai versi tersebut, lalu power bank seperti apa yang layak untuk kita pilih? Pada sesi ini Begawei akan share mengenai cara memilih power bank yang paling tepat untuk anda miliki. Di dalam ulasan cara memilih power bank ini Begawei akan menyajikan hal – hal apa saja yang harus diperhatikan untuk memilih power bank. Berikut detailnya.

Cara Memilih Power Bank

Sebelum masuk ke cara memilih power bank Begawei ingin memberi intro dulu kepada para pembaca. Kawan Begawei disini pengguna power bank? Jika iya, apa pertimbangan anda sehingga memilih power anda sekarang ini? Kapasitasnya? Warna dan bentuknya? Atau harganya yang murah? Anda sebaiknya tidak begitu saja tergiur dengan power bank berharga murah namun punya kapasitas yang besar. Salah memilih, justru akan membuat gadget anda rusak. Jika demikian, bukankah kocek yang anda butuhkan untuk perbaikan akan jauh lebih mahal daripada budget yang anda keluarkan untuk membeli power bank? Maka dari itu, perhatikan hal – hal apa saja yang harus anda pertimbangkan untuk memilih dan menggunakan power bank. Berikut ulasan cara memilih power bank yang paling tepat buat anda:

1. Pilih Power bank dengan Kapasitas Sesuai Kebutuhan

Cara memilih power bank yang paling pertama adalah dengan menentukan kebutuhan. Kita sendiri tahu bahwa fungsi utama power bank adalah untuk pengisian daya, sesuai kebutuhan. Berapa kali kawan Begawei harus mengisi ulang daya gadget anda? Pastikan power bank yang anda gunakan dayanya sama atau lebih besar daripada daya yang dibutuhkan gadget. Contoh mudahnya, jika anda menggunakan smartphone OPPO R5 yang membutuhkan daya 2000 mAh. Pastikan power bank yang anda pakai berdaya lebih besar, misalkan 8600 mAh. Jadi akan bisa untuk me-recharge lebih dari empat kali. Hitungan itu adalah hitungan kasar, karena pasti akan ada daya yang hilang ketika pengisian. Selain bisa digunakan beberapa kali, memilih daya power bank yang lebih besar daripada kebutuhan daya gadget akan membuat anda tidak perlu bolak – balik me –recharge power bank. Jadi cara memilih power bank dengan memperhatikan kebutuhan anda perlulan anda perhatikan.

2. Bermacam – macam Konektor Bukan Jaminan

Nah sekarang kita masuk tips kedua untuk cara memilih power bank yang membahas tentang Konektor. Saat ini sendiri di pasaran beredar begitu banyak merk dan jenis power bank. Masing – masing juga menggunakan kelengkapan yang berbeda – beda. Kebanyakan mereka menawarkan konektor dengan berbagai macam bentuk. Hal ini juga banyak menarik minat konsumen karena akan bisa dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai jenis gadget. Tapi tunggu dulu kawan Begawei. Bermacam – macam konektor yang ditawarkan dengan harga yang murah, tentu menjadi perhatian. Salah – salah, penggunaan konektor yang tidak berkualitas akan menyebabkan arus pendek pada gadget anda. Justru berbahaya bukan? Maka dari itu, Begawei sarankan untuk tetap menggunakan konertor original bawaan gadget saat mengisi baterai dengan power bank.

3. Pilih Power Bank dengan Fitur – Fitur Keamanan

Cara memilih power bank kali ini cukuplah penting karena sering kali terlewatkan saat kita memilih power bank. Harga murah dengan kapasitas bersar dan bentuk yang unik, membuat kita tidak memperhatikan fitur – fitur pendukung keamanannya. Ada beberapa fitur yang menyertai power bank. Misalnya “Short Circuit Protection”. Fitur tersebut melindungi power bank dan gadget yang sedang di charge jika terjadi arus pendek. Fitur keamanan berikutnya adalah “Over Charging protection”. Mungkin anda salah satu yang suka kelupaan mengisi daya ponsel dengan power bank sampai ditinggal tidur semalaman. Nah, fitur ini otomatis akan memutus aliran listrik jika pengisian sudah penuh. Ini melindungi gadget anda dari daya yang berlebihan, yang justru akan merusak gadget. Itulah tips cara memilih power bank terakhir yang bisa Begawei sampaikan.

Wah…ternyata banyak ya cara memilih power bank yang harus anda perhatikan. Hal ini tidak lain tidak bukan untuk menjaga juga agar gadget yang kita miliki tetap awet, karena power bank yang kita pakai juga berkualitas.  Akan lebih baik juga jika anda memilih power bank dengan merk yang memang sudah terpercaya untuk urusan kelengkapan gadget. Banyaknya power bank yang beredar di pasaran hanya menawarkan harga yang murah, namun secara kualitas ternyata abal – abal.  Jangan lupa juga memilih power bank yang sudah mendapatkan uji UL certification untuk standar kualitas power bank. Itu tadi ulasan Begawei untuk cara memilih power bank agar anda tidak salah pilih dalam memilih power bank. Ulasan – ulasan menarik lainnya juga sudah menunggu untuk anda baca di halaman kami