SYNONYM
Synonyms are words that have the same or very similar meaning. All words can have a synonym. Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions can have a synonym as long as both words are the same part of speech. A synonym is a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same language. Words that are synonyms are said to be synonymous, and the state of being a synonym is called synonymy An example of synonyms are the words begin, start, and commence . Words can be synonymous when meant in certain senses, even if they are not synonymous in all of their senses. For example, if we talk about a long time or an extended time, long and extended are synonymous within that context. Synonyms with exact interchangeability share a seme or denotational sememe, whereas those with inexactly similar meanings share a broader denotational or connotational sememe and thus overlap within a semantic field. Some academics call the former type cognitive synonyms to distinguish them from the latter type, which they call near-synonyms.Metonymy can sometimes be a form of synonymy, as when, for example, the White House is used as a synonym of the administration in referring to the U.S. executive branch under a specific president. Thus a metonym is a type of synonym, and the word metonym is a hyponym of the word synonym.Words that have similar definitions are known as synonyms. We use synonyms constantly in speech and in writing. These are the words that can be used interchangeably, but the meaning of the message remains the same. For example, look at these two sentences:
1. The long
baseball game lasted over four hours
2. The lengthy
baseball game lasted over four hours.
Nouns: House, home, dwelling, residence, abode, quarters
Verbs: jump, bound, leap, hop, skip
Prepositions: in, inside, within
That’s just a very short list.
Here are more examples for you:
Small, little, mini, short, tiny, petite, fine
Soft, silky, downy, weak, limp, soggy
Weak, wimpy, faint, flimsy
Synonyms Test
Below are a list of synonyms related to the adjectives above. Match the right synonym with one of the adjectives above.- Loaded
- Disconsolate
- Stalwart
- Clever
- Cute
- Truthful
- Beneficent
- Convivial
- Virulent
- Reserved
- Languid
- Jocular
- Benevolent
- Assiduous
- Blissful
Definition of Antonyms
An antonym is a word that means the opposite of another word. For instance, the antonym of 'hot' may be 'cold.' The root words for the word 'antonym' are the words 'anti,' meaning 'against' or 'opposite,' and 'onym,' meaning 'name.'In order to better understand antonyms, let's take a look at what the word 'synonym' means. A synonym is a word that has a similar meaning to or exactly the same meaning as another word. Synonyms and antonyms are exactly the opposite.
Why Are Antonyms Important?
Oddly enough, to better understand the meaning of a word, we can take a look at its antonym, or opposite meaning. For instance, take the word 'morose.' The definition of 'morose' is 'gloomily or sullenly ill-humored.' Sometimes, even reading a dictionary definition is not enough to give us a complete understanding of a word. Most dictionaries provide synonyms and antonyms, as well.For instance, here are a few listed synonyms for the word 'morose:' 'moody,' 'sour,' 'sulky.' Also, here are a few antonyms: 'cheerful' and 'optimistic.' Now we know that the opposite of 'morose' is cheerful and even optimistic! Taking a look at both the synonyms and antonyms really provides us with a clearer definition.
Categories of Antonyms
There are three categories of antonyms:
image: http://www.yourdictionary.com/index.php/pdf/articles/pdfthumbs/151.antonymschart.jpg
Examples of antonyms that were made by adding the prefix “un” are:
- Graded antonyms - deal with levels of the meaning of the words, like if something is not “good”, is may still not be “bad.” There is a scale involved with some words, and besides good and bad there can be average, fair, excellent, terrible, poor, or satisfactory.
- Complementary antonyms - have a relationship where there is no middle ground. There are only two possibilities, either one or the other.
- Relational antonyms - are sometimes considered a subcategory of complementary antonyms. With these pairs, for there to be a relationship, both must exist.
image: http://www.yourdictionary.com/index.php/pdf/articles/pdfthumbs/151.antonymschart.jpg
Adding a Prefix
Sometimes, an antonym can be easily made by adding a prefix.Examples of antonyms that were made by adding the prefix “un” are:
- Likely and unlikely
- Able and unable
- Fortunate and unfortunate
- Forgiving and unforgiving
- Entity and nonentity
- Conformist and nonconformist
- Payment and nonpayment
- Combatant and noncombatant
- Tolerant and intolerant
- Decent and indecent
- Discreet and indiscreet
- Excusable and inexcusable
ANTONYM TEST
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In the
following questions choose the word which is the exact OPPOSITE of the given
words.
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HYPONYM
In linguistics, a hyponym (from Greek hupó,
"under" and ónoma, "name") is a word or phrase
whose semantic field[1]
is included within that of another word, its hyperonym or hypernym
(from Greek hupér, "over" and ónoma, "name") .[2]
In simpler terms, a hyponym shares a type-of relationship with its
hypernym. For example, pigeon, crow, eagle and seagull
are all hyponyms of bird (their hypernym); which, in turn, is a hyponym
of animal.[Hyponymy
shows the relationship between the more general terms (hypernyms) and the more
specific instances of it (hyponyms). A hyponym is a word or phrase whose
semantic field is more specific than its hypernym. The semantic field of a hypernym,
also known as a superordinate, is broader than that of a hyponym. An approach
to the relationship between hyponyms and hypernyms is to view a hypernym as
consisting of hyponyms. This, however, becomes more difficult with abstract
words such as imagine, understand and knowledge. While
hyponyms are typically used to refer to nouns, it can also be used on other
parts of speech. Like nouns, hyponyms in verbs are words that refer to a broad
category of actions[dubious
]. For example,
verbs such as stare, gaze, view and peer can also
be considered hyponyms of the verb look.
| Homonym | Example Homonym |
|---|---|
| bat (noun = kelelawar) bat (noun = pemukul) | Bats may have rabies like dogs or cats. (Kelelawar mungkin rabies seperti anjing atau kucing.) |
| The boy hit a thief with an aluminium baseball bat last night. (Anak itu memukul seorang pencuri dengan tongkat baseball aluminium semalam.) | |
| can (modal = dapat) can (noun = kaleng) | I can‘t make up my mind whether to buy a car or house. (Saya tidak dapat memutuskan membeli mobil atau rumah.) |
| That can may made of aluminium. (Kaleng itu mungkin terbuat dari aluminium.) | |
| fine (adjective = bagus) fine (noun = denda) | She looked fine yesterday. (Dia tampak baik kemarin.) |
| You should pay the fine or go to the court. (Kamu harus membayar denda atau pergi ke pengadilan.) | |
| left (past tense = meninggalkan) left (adverb = kiri) | He left the room 30 minutes ago. (Dia meninggalkan ruangan 30 menit yang lalu.) |
| Turn left at the post office. (Belok kiri di kantor pos.) | |
| light (noun = lampu) light (adjective = terang) | The hurricane damaged many traffic lights. (Angin topan merusak banyak lampu lalu lintas.) |
| I prefer a light color for my furniture. (Saya lebih suka warna yang terang untuk mebel.) | |
| match (noun = geretan) match (noun = pertandingan) | He can light a fire with one match. (Dia dapat menyalakan api dengan satu korek.) |
| I’ll watch the live match online. (Saya akan menonton pertandingan langsung itu secara online.) | |
| stalk (noun = tangkai, batang) stalk (verb = mengikuti) | This vegetable has grayish-green stalks. (Sayuran ini mempunyai batang hijau keabu-abuan.) |
| I’m not interested to stalk him on facebook or twitter. (Saya tidak tertarik untuk mengamatinya di facebook atau twitter.) | |
| tie (verb = mengikat) tie (noun = dasi) | My friend tied the box with a red ribbon. (Teman saya mengikat kotak itu dengan pita merah.) |
| He wanted to know how to put a tie on properly. (Dia ingin tau bagaimana memakai dasi dengan benar.) |
Wonderful article. Thank you.
BalasHapus